5- The Guided Caliphs

Amir al-Muminin Omar Ibn el-Khattab allowed his army commander Amro Ibn el-Aas to conquer Egypt. Ibn el-Aas seiged al-Arish and al-Farma in 640 AC, then he seiged Om Denin and surrounded Babilion fort in 641 AC. Following, he headed to Alexandria and seiged it.

Thus, Ibn el-Aas put an end to the Byzantine empire in Egypt. Accordingly, Egypt became an Islamic state under the Orthodox Caliphs. They used to send